Ka'idar aiki da abun da ke ciki na na'urar firikwensin matsin lamba mai ƙarfin capacitive

Na'urar firikwensin matsin lamba ta capacitive ta ƙunshi sassa biyu masu motsi (diaphragm na ƙarfe mai laushi), sassa biyu masu tsayayye (rufin ƙarfe akan gilashin concave akan diaphragm na sama da ƙasa), tashoshin fitarwa da gidaje, da sauransu. Ana samar da capacitors guda biyu tsakanin farantin motsi da faranti biyu masu tsayayye. Lokacin da matsin lamba na shiga ya yi aiki akan diaphragm mai laushi, diaphragm mai laushi yana haifar da motsi, wanda zai rage nisan da guntu ɗaya mai tsayayye, kuma ya ƙara nisan da ɗayan guntu ɗaya mai tsayayye (ana iya nuna shi ta hanyar takarda). Nisa tsakanin electrodes na ƙarfe guda biyu yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke shafar capacitance, nisan yana ƙaruwa, capacitance yana raguwa, nisan yana raguwa, capacitance yana ƙaruwa. Wannan nau'in tsari ana kiransa tsari daban-daban wanda sigogin abubuwan ji guda biyu suna canzawa da adadin iri ɗaya amma akasin haka saboda adadin da aka auna.

Idan an sanya diaphragm mai laushi tsakanin matsin lamba na gefe da matsin lamba na yanayi (ƙofar sama ta diaphragm mai laushi tana da yanayi), matsin lamba da aka auna shine tebur; Idan diaphragm mai laushi an sanya shi tsakanin matsin lamba na gefe da injin (ƙofar sama ta diaphragm mai laushi ta ratsa cikin injin), ana auna matsin lamba mai cikakken ƙarfi. Ƙarfin capacitor yana daidai da dielectric da yankinsa mai inganci tsakanin faranti biyu na capacitor, kuma yana daidai da nisa tsakanin faranti biyu, wato, C=ε A/ D, inda ε shine madaidaicin dielectric na dielectric, A shine yanki mai tasiri tsakanin faranti biyu na ƙarfe, D shine nisa tsakanin faranti biyu na ƙarfe. Daga wannan alaƙa, za a iya gani cewa lokacin da sigogi biyu ba su canza ba kuma aka yi amfani da ɗayan sigogi azaman mai canzawa, capacitance zai canza tare da sigar canzawa.
Akwai nau'ikan da'irorin aunawa da ake amfani da su tare da na'urar auna matsin lamba ta capacitive. Bari mu ɗauki da'irar gada a matsayin misali don kwatanta ƙa'idar aiki na da'irar auna bambancin firikwensin capacitive. Saboda capacitance sigar AC ce, gadar tana motsawa ta hanyar AC ta hanyar transformer. Transformer coil biyu da capacitance na gada, lokacin da babu matsin lamba na shiga, gada a ma'auni, da ƙimar capacitance biyu daidai suke da C0, lokacin da tasirin matsin lamba, ɗaya daga cikin ƙimar capacitance na C0 + delta C, wani ƙimar capacitance na C0 – delta, C (delta C don matsin lamba na waje wanda bambancin capacitance ya haifar), gada ce da ba ta da daidaito, Inda ƙimar capacitance ta yi yawa, ƙarfin lantarki ma yana da yawa, kuma ana samar da bambancin ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin capacitors guda biyu, daga ciki gadar ke samar da fitowar ƙarfin lantarki U wanda ke wakiltar matsin lamba na shiga.